Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the Internet. Large clouds, predominant today, often have functions distributed over multiple locations from central servers. If the connection to the user is relatively close, it may be designated an edge server.
- Clouds may be limited to a single organization (enterprise clouds), or be available to multiple organizations (public cloud).
- Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale.
- Cloud computing was popularized with Amazon.com releasing its Elastic Compute Cloud product in 2006.
- References to the phrase "cloud computing" appeared as early as 1996, with the first known mention in a Compaq internal document.
- The cloud symbol was used to represent networks of computing equipment in the original ARPANET by as early as 1977, and the CSNET by 1981—both predecessors to the Internet itself. The word cloud was used as a metaphor for the Internet and a standardized cloud-like shape was used to denote a network on telephony schematics.
- The term cloud was used to refer to platforms for distributed computing as early as 1993, when Apple spin-off General Magic and AT&T used it in describing their (paired) Telescript and PersonaLink technologies.
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